- Egg Yolk Diversity as a Natural Cryoprotectant in Livestock Semen Technology: A Review

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Authors

  • Ivan Yulio Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran
  • Nurcholidah Solihati Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran
  • Rangga Setiawan

Keywords:

Egg Yolk Diversity, Cryoprotectant, Semen Cryopreservation, Livestock Reproduction

Abstract

The wide application of egg yolk in the development of livestock semen technology as a natural
cryoprotectant has been well researched since it helps to protect spermatozoa from damage
associated with freezing and thawing processes. During cryopreservation, spermatozoa usually
become less potent as a result of cell membrane injury, oxidative damage, and abnormalities in
the shape, resulting in negative fertility outcomes. Egg yolk, especially its low-density lipoprotein
component, has been proven to contribute significantly to the stability of spermatozoa cell
membrane, motility maintenance, and viability. The biochemistry of avian egg yolk, coming from
chickens, ducks, or quails, affects their effectiveness in use as a semen extender. The current
paper is aimed at reviewing new information about how egg yolk contributes to increasing the
quality of spermatozoa, including motility, viability, and abnormality rates. It becomes clear that
effective concentrations of egg yolk are likely to lie within the range of 10–20%. Alternative avian
egg yolk sources, including those coming from quails and ducks, demonstrate high efficiency
due to increased levels of antioxidants and lipids.

Author Biographies

Nurcholidah Solihati, Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran

Head Laboratorium of Animal Artificial Insemination and Reproduction in Production Departement Faculty of Animal Husbandry Padjadjaran University

Rangga Setiawan

Lecturer Specialized in Animal Reproduction at Animal Insemination and Reproduction Lab from Production Departement in Faculty of Animal Husbandry

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Published

2026-10-12

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026)

Section

Review Article

License

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